United States · Certification exam

DANB exams for dental assistants: CDA, RHS, ICE and GC

The Dental Assisting National Board (DANB) runs the national certification exams for dental assistants in the US. Its best-known credential, Certified Dental Assistant (CDA), takes three exams: Radiation Health and Safety (RHS), Infection Control (ICE) and General Chairside Assisting (GC). You can take them one at a time or together. Each DANB exam is a computer-based, multiple-choice test delivered by Pearson VUE, and DANB also runs state-specific exams for seven states.

  • 400Scaled score to pass RHS, ICE or GC
  • 60 daysTesting window once DANB approves you
  • 1 to 3 business daysUntil results post to your DANB account

Key facts

At a glance

Run by
DANB, a nonprofit certification board based in Chicago
CDA certification
Pass the RHS, ICE and GC exams
Format
Multiple choice; RHS, ICE and GC are computer adaptive
Where
Pearson VUE test centers; the single RHS, ICE and GC exams also online
Fees in 2026
$270 for one exam, $375 for a pair, $450 for all three

How it works

How a DANB exam works: adaptive questions on one clock

DANB scaled score for RHS, ICE and GC
100 to 399: fail400 to 900: pass
DANB reports a scaled score, not a number or percent correct, and 400 is the minimum to pass.
  1. Pearson VUE delivers every DANB exam on a computer. You can take any of them at a Pearson VUE test center, and some, such as the single RHS, ICE and General Chairside Assisting (GC) exams, can also be taken online with a live proctor watching through your webcam.
  2. You apply to DANB first. Pearson VUE only comes in once DANB authorizes the exam and emails you a link to schedule it.
  3. Every question is multiple choice with one best answer. DANB says its questions are written as either an incomplete statement or a question, with three or four answer options.
  4. The RHS, ICE and GC exams use computer adaptive testing, so the questions you get depend on how you’re doing, and each candidate gets the same share of questions from each domain. Once you submit an answer you can’t go back to it.
  5. A small number of unscored pretest questions are mixed in, and you won’t know which ones they are. You must answer every question to get a pass or fail result.
  6. The clock doesn’t stop. At a test center you can take a break if the proctor approves it, but online proctored exams allow no breaks at all.
  7. You can change a test center appointment up to 24 hours before it starts, or an online appointment up until its start time, through your DANB account.

Topics

What’s on the test

01

Dental imaging: purpose and technique

The core of the Radiation Health and Safety (RHS) exam: what each type of dental image is for, how to take it, and how to spot and fix errors.

Key points (4)
  • Technique items cover paralleling, bisecting angle and panoramic technique, plus changes for tori, cleft palate, a shallow palate or a narrow arch (DANB RHS Exam Outline, effective March 12, 2025).
  • Patient preparation includes reviewing medical and dental histories for contraindications and removing jewelry, glasses and piercings (DANB RHS Exam Outline).
  • Error correction on the outline includes horizontal angulation (overlapped contacts) and vertical angulation (distorted images) (DANB RHS Exam Outline).
  • Image mounting covers radiopaque versus radiolucent, anatomical order and Universal tooth numbers for primary and permanent teeth (DANB RHS Exam Outline).
02

Radiation characteristics and protection

The rest of the RHS exam: radiation physics and biology, protecting patients and staff, and infection control while taking images.

Key points (4)
  • Radiation biology covers cell and tissue sensitivity, latent and recovery periods, and short- and long-term, genetic and somatic effects (DANB RHS Exam Outline).
  • The units on the outline are the gray (Gy), sievert (Sv), roentgen (R), roentgen equivalent man (rem) and coulombs per kilogram (C/kg) (DANB RHS Exam Outline).
  • Operator protection is listed as barrier, position and distance; patient protection includes ALARA and ADA and FDA guidelines (DANB RHS Exam Outline).
  • Causes of unnecessary exposure on the outline include leakage radiation and retakes (DANB RHS Exam Outline).
03

Preventing disease transmission and cross-contamination

Infection Control (ICE) exam content on how infections spread, hand hygiene and PPE, and keeping treatment areas clean.

Key points (4)
  • Aerosols, droplets and spatter are kept down with barriers, dental dams and evacuation (DANB ICE Exam Outline, effective March 12, 2025).
  • PPE items cover choosing PPE, preparing it for reuse, the donning and doffing sequence and disposal (DANB ICE Exam Outline).
  • Cross-contamination items include maintaining and monitoring dental unit waterlines and disinfecting impressions and appliances (DANB ICE Exam Outline).
  • Hand hygiene items cover product types such as antimicrobial products and alcohol rub, skin and nail care, technique and protocols (DANB ICE Exam Outline).
04

Instrument processing and occupational safety

Sterilizing and storing instruments, monitoring sterilizers, and the OSHA standards and records an infection control program needs.

Key points (4)
  • Sterilizer items include choosing a sterilization system, loading and unloading, and responding to equipment malfunctions (DANB ICE Exam Outline).
  • Sharps safety and post-exposure protocols fall under the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard on the outline (DANB ICE Exam Outline).
  • Hazard Communication items include safety data sheets (SDS) and labeling secondary containers (DANB ICE Exam Outline).
  • Program records on the outline include the exposure control plan, sterilization logs and training records (DANB ICE Exam Outline).
05

Patient evaluation, management and administration

General Chairside Assisting (GC) content on preliminary exams, charting, medical emergencies, patient education and the legal side of the office.

Key points (4)
  • Preliminary examination covers the patient’s general physical condition, vital signs, health and dental histories and diagnostic data (DANB GC Exam Outline, effective July 1, 2022).
  • Emergency conditions on the outline include syncope, seizure, allergic reactions, asthma, myocardial infarction and hypoglycemia (DANB GC Exam Outline).
  • Legal items include OSHA, CDC, HIPAA, standard of care and the dental assistant’s duties under the state dental practice act (DANB GC Exam Outline).
  • Office tasks on the outline include inventory, nitrous oxide and oxygen tanks and emergency kit maintenance (DANB GC Exam Outline).
06

Chairside dentistry

The largest part of the GC exam: four-handed dentistry, intraoral procedures and their armamentarium, oral surgery and preventive procedures.

Key points (3)
  • Intraoral procedures on the outline include matrix bands, suture placement and removal, final impressions and local anesthetic administration (DANB GC Exam Outline).
  • Four-handed dentistry covers preparing the room and trays, seating the patient, positioning the team and transferring instruments (DANB GC Exam Outline).
  • Oral surgery items include implants, extractions, dry socket, incision and drainage and nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia (DANB GC Exam Outline).
07

Dental materials

Impression, operative and laboratory materials: what each one is for and how it’s handled.

Key points (3)
  • Bleaching and whitening agents and finishing, polishing and cleaning agents count as operative materials on the outline (DANB GC Exam Outline).
  • Operative materials on the outline include etchants, glass ionomers, liners and bases and post-extraction dressings (DANB GC Exam Outline).
  • Laboratory materials are acrylic products, dental waxes and gypsum products (DANB GC Exam Outline).

Test day

What to bring on DANB exam day

  • One original ID that’s government issued, unexpired, has your photo and signature and is in Roman characters (copies and temporary IDs aren’t accepted)
  • An ID whose printed name matches the name in your DANB account exactly; if it doesn’t, file a Name Change Request in your DANB Dashboard first
  • Accepted IDs: a US driver’s license, US or state ID card, valid passport, US permanent resident card or military ID
  • For online exams: a computer with a webcam and microphone that passes Pearson’s OnVUE system test, plus a mobile phone that can take and send photos
  • Water in a clear bottle or cup and eyeglasses are on DANB’s list of comfort aids allowed without preapproval

Before you go

  1. Book your Pearson VUE appointment as soon as DANB’s email arrives. DANB warns that availability may be limited.
  2. Check that your ID matches your DANB account name exactly. A mismatch counts as a missed exam, and you’d have to pay a reduced fee to reschedule.
  3. Try DANB’s demo exam so the screens and navigation look familiar.
  4. Testing online? Run the OnVUE system test on the same computer, in the same room, and clear the desk. Check in no more than 30 minutes early and no later than 15 minutes after your start time.
  5. Under 18 and testing online? Send DANB the Parent/Guardian Consent Form with your application. The parent or guardian who signed it must be there for check-in with their own ID.
DANB: Apply for ExamsYou apply and pay DANB online, by mail or by email, then book your seat with Pearson VUE from your DANB Dashboard once DANB authorizes the exam.

Study options

Where to study

DANB’s week-by-week study guide plans for RHS, ICE and GC are a free download, and its exam outlines give each domain’s share of the questions. The DALE Foundation, DANB’s official affiliate, sells the practice tests and review courses those plans use, and DANB’s demo exam shows you the test screens.

OptionPriceFree to useLinks
Official and free
DANB study guide plansOfficial study plansWeek-by-week plans built on DANB’s exam outlines. Each one assigns DALE Foundation courses or practice tests and a textbook, which you buy separately, and you can opt in to weekly reminders.
FreeThe RHS and ICE plans and three GC plans, as free downloads
DANB exam outlines and demo examOfficial outlines and demoThe outlines give each domain’s share of questions and the references DANB’s committees use. The demo exam shows the screens and navigation of a DANB exam; DANB doesn’t present it as a practice test.
No price listedOutlines and the demo exam open from DANB’s prepare page
DALE Foundation
DANB RHS Practice TestOnline practice testMore than 200 questions on the RHS exam. DALE also sells an RHS Exam Prep Bundle, which DANB lists at $140 in its RHS study plan.
$39No free version listed
DANB ICE Practice TestOnline practice test200 questions on infection control, including the chain of infection and instrument sterilization. DANB’s ICE plan pairs it with DALE’s ICE Review course, which DANB lists at $130.
$39No free version listed
DANB GC Practice TestOnline practice testMore than 200 questions that DALE says mirror the GC exam outline, plus a final practice test that earns a certificate of completion (no CE credit).
$39No free version listed
CDA Practice TestsPractice test bundleThe GC, RHS and ICE practice tests together: 600 questions, with study by topic, bookmarks and a timed exam simulation mode.
$85 (DALE lists $117 for the three bought separately)No free version listed
CDA Exam Prep BundleReview courses and practice testsFour review courses (Chairside Assisting 101 and 102, DANB ICE Review and DANB RHS Review) and the three practice tests. DALE says it takes about 48 hours and earns 48 CE credits.
$450 (DALE lists $637 for the items separately)No free version listed

Prices and ratings checked October 2026.

FAQ

Common questions

What is the DANB exam?

There isn’t just one. DANB, founded in 1948 and recognized by the American Dental Association as the national certification board for dental assistants, gives national exams that lead to certifications. Certified Dental Assistant (CDA) takes RHS, ICE and GC. National Entry Level Dental Assistant (NELDA) takes ICE, RHS and Anatomy, Morphology and Physiology (AMP), and Certified Orthodontic Assistant (COA) takes ICE and Orthodontic Assisting (OA). Some single exams, such as RHS and ICE, earn a certificate on their own. DANB also runs state-specific exams for Arizona, Maryland, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Oregon and Washington.

How is a DANB exam scored?

You get a scaled score from 100 to 900, and you need 400 to pass the RHS, ICE or GC exam. It isn’t a number or percent correct. Because these exams are adaptive, your score depends on the difficulty of the questions you answer correctly, and DANB says the average candidate answers around 50% of them correctly. You’re measured against a standard set by DANB’s Board, not against other candidates.

Can I retake a DANB exam if I fail?

Yes. There’s no limit on retakes, but each one means a new application and the full exam fee. DANB doesn’t publish a waiting period between attempts. State laws may require more education after failed attempts, so check with your state dental board. Once you’ve passed an exam, DANB lets you take it again only in specific circumstances.

Do I need DANB certification to work as a dental assistant?

That depends on your state. Each state’s dental board sets the rules for what dental assistants may do, and DANB says passing its exams or earning its certification gives you authority to perform those duties only in states that recognize them. DANB’s state requirements pages list each state’s job titles, exam and education pathways and allowed duties.

Can I take DANB exams in Spanish?

Some of them. DANB offers the RHS, ICE, RHS/ICE and Coronal Polishing exams in Modern Spanish, with the same outline, question bank and pass point as the English versions, and you can also see each question in English. The online application, results, certificate and Pearson VUE emails stay in English, and so does all talk with the Pearson VUE greeter and proctor.

How do I contact the Dental Assisting National Board?

Call 1-800-367-3262, Monday to Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Central time, email danbmail@danb.org or use the contact form on danb.org. DANB says it answers within three business days. To cancel or reschedule an appointment, contact Pearson VUE at 1-800-525-2586 or online. DANB’s address is 444 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 900, Chicago, IL 60611.

Is DANB changing who can take the CDA exam?

Yes. On September 23, 2026, DANB announced a new CDA pathway for graduates of approved dental assisting programs that aren’t accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) but are in schools accredited by an agency the US Department of Education approves. DANB says the pathway will be officially available in early 2027, alongside the current routes.

Sources: DANB and 12 more. Checked October 2026.

Rules and fees can change, so check the official site before your test.