New Zealand · Theory test

The class 2 theory test for a heavy vehicle learner licence

You need it for a learner licence in any heavy vehicle class, from class 2 up to class 5. The class 2 theory test is 35 multi-choice questions on road rules and safe driving practices, and you need 33 right. You book it and sit it at a driver licensing agent, and NZ Transport Agency Waka Kotahi (NZTA) runs it.

  • 35Multi-choice questions
  • 33Right answers you need to pass
  • Classes 2 to 5Heavy licence classes that use it

Key facts

At a glance

Who runs it
NZTA, through driver licensing agents
Where you sit it
On a computer at a driver licensing agent
What you study
The official New Zealand road code for heavy vehicle drivers
Booking
In person, at the agent where you apply

How it works

How the class 2 theory test works

Theory test · 33 to pass
33 to pass
To pass you need 33 of 35 right.
  1. You sit it on a computer at a driver licensing agent, once you’ve applied for your learner licence there.
  2. An interpreter must be a member of one of the interpreter bodies NZTA names, and show their ID card. Otherwise, they must be over 18 and have a passport or New Zealand driver licence.
  3. When you use an interpreter, the test is closely supervised.

Topics

What’s on the test

The first topic comes from NZTA’s licence pages. The rest come from three chapters of the Heavy Vehicle Road Code: speed limits, heavy vehicle requirements, and work time and logbooks.

01

Heavy licence classes and steps

Each heavy class has a learner and a full licence, and each learner licence needs a full licence in an earlier class first.

Key points (4)
  • A class 2 learner licence needs a full class 1 licence held for 6 months, at any age.
  • Class 3 and class 4 learner licences need a full class 2, and class 5 needs a full class 4. Under 25 you hold it for 6 months; at 25 or over it’s 3 months, or no wait after an approved over 25 course.
  • As a learner you can only drive with a supervisor who has held a full New Zealand licence for that class for at least two years.
  • You get the full licence after at least six months on the learner licence and a practical test, or by completing an approved course.
02

Heavy vehicle speed limits

Heavy vehicles have lower open road limits than light vehicles, and the speed you drive has to suit the traffic, road and weather.

Key points (4)
  • 90 km/h is the maximum open road speed for heavy vehicles (a gross vehicle mass over 3,500 kg), even in a 100 km/h zone.
  • A vehicle over 2,000 kg showing school bus signs is limited to 80 km/h, and a heavy vehicle built without springs or other suspension to 45 km/h.
  • On a road with no centre line or lanes, you must be able to stop in half the length of clear road you can see. With a centre line or lanes, it’s the length of clear lane.
  • If you’re slower than the limit and vehicles are following, keep as far left as you can and pull over when it’s safe to let them pass.
03

When to slow right down

School buses, emergencies and curves call for lower speeds, and going far over a limit means an automatic suspension.

Key points (4)
  • Past a stopped school bus that shows a school bus sign with lights flashing, or that’s picking up or dropping off children, drive at 20 km/h or less until you’re well past, whichever way you’re going.
  • After crash, fire or other emergency signs, drive at 20 km/h or less until you’ve passed the site.
  • A curve warning sign’s speed is set for a light vehicle. Loaded, take the curve at least 10 km/h below it.
  • More than 40 km/h over a permanent limit, or more than 50 km/h over a temporary one, means an automatic 28-day licence suspension.
04

Certificate of fitness

A heavy vehicle needs a valid certificate of fitness (CoF), which shows it was roadworthy at its last inspection.

Key points (4)
  • Vehicles over 3,500 kg gross vehicle mass need a CoF, and so does any vehicle under a transport service licence, whatever its weight.
  • The CoF label goes on the inside of the windscreen on the driver’s side, clearly visible from outside.
  • A CoF is usually issued for six months, but check the label: NZTA may have authorised one for as little as three months or as much as 12.
  • After a failed inspection you have 28 days to fix the vehicle and bring it back, and you may drive it only to get it repaired and re-inspected.
05

Vehicle equipment and faults

Your vehicle must have the listed equipment in good working order, and a fault can take it off the road.

Key points (4)
  • Tyre tread must be at least 1.5 millimetres deep right around the tyre.
  • Not every heavy vehicle has safety belts, but if yours does, you must use them.
  • Do a walk-around check of your vehicle at the start of each day.
  • A company driver reports faults in writing, and a fault that affects safe handling means the vehicle isn’t driven until it’s fixed.
06

Work time and breaks

Work time covers work-related duties, not just driving, and the limits set when you must stop.

Key points (4)
  • Work time includes driving, loading and unloading, maintaining and cleaning vehicles, administration and any other paid work.
  • In general, take a break of at least 30 minutes after 5½ hours of work time.
  • In a cumulative work day you can work up to 13 hours, then you must take a break of at least 10 hours.
  • After up to 70 hours of work time, you must take a break of at least 24 hours.
07

Logbooks

A logbook records your work time and rest between two 24-hour breaks, and you must produce it when asked.

Key points (4)
  • Record the start and finish times and places of your work time and rest breaks, and any delay that could take you over the limits.
  • Keep only one logbook at a time, and make sure your employer gets the record copy within 14 days.
  • Keep your logbook for at least 12 months after the last entry.
  • Failing to produce it to an enforcement officer on demand can mean a fine of up to $2,000 and 35 demerit points.

Free practice test

20 practice questions on heavy vehicle rules

We wrote these 20 questions from those three road code chapters and NZTA’s licence pages. The real test needs 33 of 35, so you need 19 of 20 here, which keeps the bar at least as high.

Question 1 of 20

You’re driving a truck with a gross vehicle mass over 3,500 kg on a 100 km/h open road. What’s the fastest you may legally go?

20 practice questions we wrote from the Heavy Vehicle Road Code and NZTA’s licence pages.

Test day

What to take to the driver licensing agent

  • A filled-in DL1 application form
  • Evidence of your identity
  • A medical certificate, if you need one

Before you go

  1. Check you’ve held the full licence your class needs for long enough. Each class page gives the wait.
  2. If you’ll use an interpreter, book in person and tell the agent.
Read the learner licence pageNZTA’s page for class 2 to 5 learner licences sets out who can apply, the test and what comes after it.

Study options

Where to study

Read the official road code for heavy vehicle drivers, which NZTA publishes online, and test yourself on NZTA’s Drive website. An approved course for a class is another way to the full licence.

OptionPriceFree to useLinks
Official and free
Official New Zealand road code for heavy vehicle driversOfficial road code (NZTA)The official road code written for heavy vehicle drivers, published by NZTA. You can buy the printed road code too.
Free online, or buy the printed bookReading it on NZTA’s website
DriveOfficial learning website (NZTA)NZTA’s free website, which its theory test page points to for testing your knowledge before the test.
FreeReal theory test questions, games and quizzes
In person
Approved heavy vehicle coursesApproved course for a licence classFinishing one means you don’t need a minimum time on your learner licence, and you show the course certificate instead of sitting the practical test.
Not on NZTA’s licence pagesSame licence fee as the test

Prices and ratings checked November 2026.

FAQ

Common questions

How many questions are on the class 2 theory test?

35, and you need at least 33 right to pass. For a car or motorcycle licence, the pass mark is 32.

Is the class 4 or class 5 theory test any different?

The format and pass mark are the same for every heavy class. What changes is the mix: general road code questions, plus specialist ones for the class you’re applying for.

Can I sit the theory test in another language?

Yes. Besides English, it’s offered in Arabic, Chinese (simplified and traditional), Fijian, Filipino, Gujarati, Hindi, Korean, Māori, Punjabi, Samoan, Thai and Tongan. You can also bring an interpreter.

What happens after I pass?

The agent gives you a temporary learner licence so you can start practising, and your photo licence is posted to you. As a learner, you can only drive with a supervisor.

What if I don’t pass?

Book another theory test at the driver licensing agent. If you fail twice on the same day, you wait 10 working days before you can sit it again.

Is there help if I find reading hard?

You may be able to have a reader read the test to you in English. You can also apply for extra time, or to have the test given orally.

All 20 practice questions with answersA printable list of the practice test above
  1. You’re driving a truck with a gross vehicle mass over 3,500 kg on a 100 km/h open road. What’s the fastest you may legally go?

    90 km/h 90 km/h is the maximum open road speed limit for heavy vehicles, which means a gross vehicle mass over 3,500 kg. That applies even where light vehicles can do 100 km/h.

  2. In general, after how much work time must a heavy vehicle driver take a break of at least 30 minutes?

    5½ hours In general, drivers must take a break of at least 30 minutes after 5½ hours of work time. Work time includes more than driving, such as loading and paperwork.

  3. Before you can apply for a class 2 learner licence, how long must you have held a full class 1 licence?

    6 months You must hold a full class 1 licence for 6 months before a class 2 learner licence. The wait is the same whether you’re under 25 or 25 and over.

  4. None of these vehicles operates under a transport service licence. Which one needs a certificate of fitness (CoF)?

    A truck with a 4,000 kg gross vehicle mass Vehicles with a gross vehicle mass over 3,500 kg need a CoF, as do vehicles under a transport service licence whatever their weight. The 4,000 kg truck is the only one over the line.

  5. A school bus has stopped on the other side of the road. It shows a school bus sign with its lights flashing. What must you do?

    Drive at 20 km/h or less until well past it When a stopped school bus shows a school bus sign with its lights flashing, you must drive at 20 km/h or less until you’re well past it. That applies whichever direction you’re coming from.

  6. How long must you keep your logbook after the date of its last entry?

    At least 12 months Drivers must keep their logbook for at least 12 months after the date of the last entry. Employers keep their copies of logbook records for at least 12 months too.

  7. What’s the least tread depth your heavy vehicle’s tyres must have, right around the tyre?

    1.5 millimetres Safe tyres are on the list of features your heavy vehicle must have. The tread depth must be at least 1.5 millimetres right around the tyre.

  8. A vehicle with a gross vehicle mass over 2,000 kg is displaying school bus signs. What’s its maximum open road speed?

    80 km/h Vehicles with a gross vehicle mass over 2,000 kg that display school bus signs are limited to 80 km/h. Other heavy vehicles can do up to 90 km/h on the open road.

  9. In a cumulative work day, what’s the most work time you can do before a break of at least 10 hours?

    13 hours In any cumulative work day, drivers can work a maximum of 13 hours and must then take a break of at least 10 hours. The half-hour breaks every 5½ hours also apply within that day.

  10. Where is a heavy vehicle’s certificate of fitness (CoF) label attached?

    Inside the windscreen, driver’s side The CoF label is attached to the inside of the windscreen, on the driver’s side. It must be clearly visible from outside the vehicle.

  11. Your truck is loaded, and a curve warning sign shows 55 km/h. What’s the fastest you should take the curve?

    45 km/h The recommended speed on a curve warning sign is for a light vehicle and may be too fast for a heavy vehicle. When you’re carrying a load, take the curve at least 10 km/h below the speed shown.

  12. You’re driving on a class 2 learner licence. Your supervisor must have held a full New Zealand class 2 licence for at least how long?

    2 years On a learner licence you can only drive under the supervision of a licensed driver who has held a full New Zealand licence for the same class for at least two years. For a class 2 vehicle, that means a full class 2 licence.

  13. An enforcement officer asks for your logbook and you can’t produce it. How many demerit points go on your licence?

    35 If you fail to produce your logbook to an enforcement officer on demand, you could face a fine of up to $2,000. You also incur 35 demerit points on your personal driver licence.

  14. On a road with no centre line or lanes, you must be able to stop within what distance?

    Half the clear road you can see On a road with no centre line or lanes, you must be able to stop in half the length of clear road you can see in front of you. On a road with a centre line or lanes, it’s the length of clear lane you can see.

  15. You’ve built up 70 hours of work time. What must you take before you work again?

    A break of at least 24 hours Drivers can build up to 70 hours of work time before they must take a break of at least 24 hours. The time between two 24-hour breaks is called a cumulative work period.

  16. Your truck has just failed its CoF inspection. During the 28 days the check sheet gives you, what may you drive it for?

    Only to get it fixed and re-inspected If your vehicle fails its CoF inspection, the receipt gives you 28 days to have it fixed and brought back for re-inspection. During that time, you’re only allowed to drive it to get it repaired and re-inspected.

  17. You pass a sign warning of a crash ahead. How fast may you drive until you’re past the site?

    20 km/h or less When you see crash, fire or other emergency signs, slow down and drive at 20 km/h or less until you’ve passed the emergency site. It’s the same 20 km/h as passing a stopped school bus.

  18. You drive for a company, and your truck develops a fault that affects how safely it handles. What must you do?

    Report it in writing; don’t drive until it’s fixed If you drive for a company, you must report a fault in writing. If the fault affects the safe handling of the vehicle, it must not be driven until the fault is fixed.

  19. Which of these counts as work time?

    Loading and unloading the truck Work time covers work-related duties, not just driving. It includes loading and unloading, maintaining and cleaning vehicles, administration or recording, and any other paid employment.

  20. Which full licence must you hold before you can apply for a class 5 learner licence?

    Class 4 To apply for a class 5 learner licence, you must hold a full class 4 licence: for 6 months if you’re under 25, or 3 months if you’re 25 or over. An approved over 25 class 5L course removes the 3-month wait.

Sources: NZTA · NZTA, Heavy Vehicle Road Code and 5 more. Checked November 2026.

Rules and fees can change, so check the official site before your test.

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