Alabama · Permit test

Alabama permit test

To get a learner license at 15, you pass a knowledge test at an ALEA driver license office, for $5 a try. The Alabama permit test covers traffic laws, road signs and safe driving, and every question comes from the free Alabama Driver Manual. Pass it and you get a Class D license with a Y restriction for $36.25. There's no DMV for licenses here: the Alabama Law Enforcement Agency (ALEA) runs the test, and it doesn't publish how many questions there are or the pass mark.

  • $5Fee for each knowledge test, no checks
  • 15Minimum age for a learner license
  • 11Languages besides English, plus oral tests
  • 4 yearsHow long a learner license lasts

Key facts

At a glance

Who gives it
The Driver License Division of the Alabama Law Enforcement Agency (ALEA)
What's on it
Alabama traffic laws, road signs and safe driving, from the Alabama Driver Manual
Questions and pass mark
Not published by ALEA
Languages
English plus 11 others, including Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese. Oral tests too

How it works

How the Alabama permit test works: a knowledge test on computer

  1. You take the knowledge test at an ALEA driver license examining office, on its automated testing machines.
  2. The questions cover Alabama traffic laws, road signs and safe driving, all taken from the Alabama Driver Manual.
  3. ALEA doesn't publish how many questions there are or the score you need. Know the manual well rather than counting on a number.
  4. The written test is offered in Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Spanish, Thai and Vietnamese as well as English.
  5. If you can't read the test well enough, an oral version is given on the same testing equipment.
  6. You also have a vision screening. If you need glasses to pass it, your license will say so.
  7. Each try at the knowledge test costs $5. When you pass, the examiner issues your learner license once you pay $36.25, as of October 2026.

Topics

What’s on the test

01

Signs, signals and road markings

Chapter 5 of the Alabama Driver Manual covers sign shapes and colors, traffic lights, lane markings and roundabouts, and Chapter 4 adds the railroad crossing warnings.

Key points (4)
  • Warning signs are black and yellow. Construction signs are black and orange, and fluorescent yellow marks school zones and pedestrian crossings.
  • At a 4-way stop, cars leave in the order they arrived. In a tie, the car furthest to the right goes first.
  • A flashing red signal means the same as a STOP sign.
  • A solid yellow line on your side of the center line means you may not pass.
02

Learner licenses and Alabama's GDL rules

Who can sit beside a learner, how long you hold the learner license, and the limits on 16 and 17-year-old drivers.

Key points (4)
  • At 15 you may drive only with a parent, legal guardian, licensed driver 21 or older, or a licensed or certified instructor beside you.
  • A learner license is valid for four years.
  • Under 18, you hold the learner license at least six months before a Stage II license.
  • Stage II drivers can't drive from midnight to 6 a.m. without an exception, can carry only one non-family passenger and can't use a handheld device.
03

Right of way, school buses and emergency vehicles

Who goes first at intersections, when you stop for school and church buses, and the move over law.

Key points (4)
  • At an uncontrolled intersection, the driver on the left yields to the driver on the right.
  • Stop at least 20 feet from a school bus showing flashing red lights and a stop arm.
  • Pull to the side and stop for an emergency vehicle with lights and a siren. Clear an intersection first.
  • Only vehicles on official business may follow within 500 feet of an emergency vehicle on a run.
04

Speed limits, following distance and headlights

Alabama's statutory speed limits, the two-second rule and the headlight rules at night and in rain.

Key points (4)
  • Statutory limits: 30 mph in an urban district, 35 on an unpaved road, 45 on a county paved road, 55 elsewhere, and 70 where posted on interstates.
  • Keep at least two seconds behind the car ahead, and four or five in bad conditions.
  • Dim high beams within 500 feet of an oncoming car and 200 feet of a car you're following.
  • Headlights go on from a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise, and whenever your wipers are on for rain.
05

Alcohol, phones and seat belts

Alabama's alcohol limits, the texting and hands-free laws, and the seat belt and child restraint rules.

Key points (4)
  • The limit is .08% for most drivers, .04% for commercial drivers and .02% for drivers under 21.
  • Texting while driving costs $25 the first time, plus 2 points.
  • Under the hands-free law since June 2024, holding a phone while driving badly, like swerving or changing lanes without signaling, is $50 and 1 point the first time.
  • Every person in the car must be buckled. Children ride in a booster seat until 6 and wear a seat belt through 15.
06

Turning and parking

How early to signal, how to turn from multi-lane roads, three-point turns, hill parking and the no-parking distances.

Key points (4)
  • Signal at least 100 feet before a turn.
  • No three-point turns on interstates, on curves or near a hilltop where you can't be seen from 500 feet.
  • Facing downhill, turn your wheels toward the curb. Facing uphill with a curb, turn them away.
  • No parking within 15 feet of a hydrant, 20 feet of a crosswalk, 30 feet of a stop sign or signal, or 50 feet of a railroad crossing.

Road signs

Road signs from the Alabama Driver Manual

Chapter 5 of the Alabama Driver Manual tells you to know signs by their shapes and colors. Two numbers from it come up often: the round railroad sign stands about 750 feet before the tracks, and orange always means a work zone.

  • Red octagon with white border and the word STOP in whiteStop: a full stop at the line, or before the crosswalk
  • Downward-pointing red triangle with white center and the word YIELD in redYield: slow down, stop if needed, let others go
  • Red circle with a white horizontal bar on a white square, reading DO NOT ENTERDo not enter: one-way traffic is coming at you
  • White sign reading NO TURN ON REDNo turn on red, right or left
  • White sign reading DO NOT PASSDo not pass: the start of a no passing zone
  • Round yellow sign with a black X and two letters RRailroad ahead: about 750 feet before the tracks
  • White X-shaped crossbuck reading RAILROAD CROSSINGCrossbuck: slow down and be ready to stop for a train
  • Fluorescent yellow-green pentagon with two children walkingSchool: fluorescent yellow for school zones
  • Orange diamond with a black flagger symbol holding a flagFlagger ahead: orange means a work zone
  • Yellow diamond reading SOFT SHOULDERSoft shoulder: don't drive off the pavement
  • Traffic signal with the red light lit and flash marks around itFlashing red: same as a STOP sign
  • Two-way road with a solid yellow line on the right-hand lane side and a broken yellow line beside it; no passing from the right-hand laneSolid yellow on your side: no passing

Free practice test

20 practice questions on Alabama's own rules

These 20 questions are written from the November 2024 Alabama Driver Manual, multiple choice like the real test. ALEA doesn't publish its question count or pass mark, so we use an 80% bar here: 16 right out of 20 is a pass. After each answer, the tutor can explain it another way or tell you why the other choices are wrong.

Question 1 of 20
Round yellow sign with a black X and two letters R

What does this sign tell you?

20 practice questions in the style of the knowledge test.

Test day

What to bring for your learner license

  • A certified U.S. birth certificate if you're 15. Photocopies aren't accepted
  • Your Social Security card
  • Two proofs of where you live, such as a utility bill or lease
  • A Student Enrollment/Exclusion form (DL-193) from your school if you're under 19
  • Cash or a money order for the $5 test and $36.25 license. Checks aren't accepted
  • Your glasses or contacts for the vision screening

Before you go

  1. Read the Alabama Driver Manual. It's free as a PDF on the ALEA site, dated November 2024.
  2. Try the 20 practice questions on this page, then reread the parts of the manual behind anything you missed.
  3. Ask your school for the DL-193 enrollment form. It must be filled in and signed by school staff.
  4. Check your documents are originals or certified copies, with no white-out, missing details or tears.
  5. Pre-apply and request an appointment through ALEA's online services, or check which office is nearest on its office list.
  6. Check ALEA's driver license page for office closures on the day you plan to go.
ALEA Driver License Online Services: Plan Your VisitPre-apply for a first-time permit and request an appointment at an ALEA office. Road test appointments can be booked up to two weeks ahead at some offices, and walk-ins are welcome at all testing sites.

Study options

Where to study

Every question on the Alabama permit test comes from the Alabama Driver Manual, which ALEA gives away free as a PDF. ALEA doesn't have its own online practice test, so we've compared the apps, sites and driver education options Alabama learners use.

OptionPriceFree to useLinks
Official and free
Alabama Driver ManualOfficial · PDFThe source of every knowledge test question, dated November 2024. Chapter 5 is signs and markings and Chapter 6 traffic laws. The GDL summary at the back is a quick one-page check of the teen rules.
FreeThe whole manual
ALEA Road Test Study GuideOfficial · One-page PDFNot for the permit test, but worth saving for later. It lists the skills the examiner may ask for on the road test, from backing 50 feet to parking on a hill, and the five ways to fail.
FreeThe whole guide
Alabama Motorcycle License ManualOfficial · PDFUpdated in 2024. You need it, not the car manual, for a motorcycle or motor-driven cycle license. It's a large file, so download it on Wi-Fi.
FreeThe whole manual
Apps and websites
Alabama DMV Permit Practice (S Mehta)iPhone appCar, motorcycle and CDL practice, a signs test and an Alabama numbers and rules section. 4.7 stars from 3.3K App Store ratings, the most of any Alabama permit app. A private app, not from ALEA.
Free with in-app purchases: $3.99 a week, $8.99 a month, $12.99 a year or $17.99 lifetimeSome practice and mock tests. Reviewers say most questions need premium
Driving-Tests.org and DMV GenieWebsite and appHundreds of Alabama-labeled questions grouped by difficulty, and the DMV Genie app on Google Play. Its exam simulator is its own format, not ALEA's, since ALEA doesn't publish one.
Free tests, with a paid premium plan. The site doesn't show the price up frontPractice tests in several sections and a 30-question exam simulator
Alabama - DMV Practice Test (Onurcan Koroglu)iPhone app36 questions per test, a road signs list by category and study cards. 4.6 stars from 9 App Store ratings, last updated November 2023, so it predates the current manual. A private app, not from ALEA.
Free with a $4.99 premium upgradeFree to download. The listing doesn't say exactly what premium unlocks
Alabama DMV Permit Test (Golden Mind Services)iPhone appPractice questions with answer reviews, a mode for questions you got wrong, and a leaderboard. 5.0 stars, but from only 11 App Store ratings, last updated December 2024. A private app, not from ALEA.
Free, or $4.99 to remove ads and unlock all topicsSome topics, with ads
In person
Driver education coursesState Department of Education approved coursesFinishing an approved course replaces the 50-hour practice log ALEA asks for before a Stage II license. Private high schools follow ALEA's program: at least 70 hours, with 30 in the classroom and the rest behind the wheel with a certified teacher. Where the program runs, some private high school teachers can also give the driving part of the license exam.
Set by each schoolNothing, these are courses

Prices and ratings checked October 2026.

FAQ

Common questions

How many questions are on the permit test in Alabama?

ALEA doesn't say. Its manual and website describe what the test covers, traffic laws, road signs and safe driving, but not the number of questions or the score you need. Apps that quote a number are guessing or using their own format.

Can I take the Alabama permit test online?

No. ALEA's pages don't offer any online version. You take it at a driver license examining office on its automated testing machines. Online, you can pre-apply, request an appointment, and later renew or replace your license.

How much does the permit test in Alabama cost?

$5 for each try at the knowledge test, then $36.25 for the learner license when you pass, as of October 2026. ALEA doesn't take checks, and fees can be slightly higher in counties where local law allows it.

What do I need to bring to the permit test in Alabama?

At 15, a certified U.S. birth certificate (no photocopies), your Social Security card, two proofs of where you live and a DL-193 school enrollment form. At 16 or older, you can use two IDs, one with a photo, instead of the birth certificate.

Is the Alabama permit test run by the DMV?

No, though most people call it that. Driver licenses in Alabama come from the Driver License Division of the Alabama Law Enforcement Agency. Vehicle tags and registration are handled through the Department of Revenue, which ALEA's own site links to.

What happens if I fail the Alabama permit test?

You pay $5 again for the next try. ALEA doesn't publish a waiting period between tries or a limit on attempts, so ask the office about coming back. Study the parts of the manual you were unsure about first.

Sources: ALEA, Alabama Driver Manual and 2 more. Checked October 2026.

Rules and fees can change, so check the official site before your test.

All 20 practice questions with answersA printable list of the practice test above
  1. Round yellow sign with a black X and two letters R

    What does this sign tell you?

    A railroad crossing is ahead, so slow down, look both ways and be ready to stop The round yellow sign with a black X and two R's warns of a railroad crossing. The Alabama Driver Manual says it's placed 750 feet before the track, and you must slow down, look carefully both ways and be prepared to stop.

  2. STOP sign with a red ALL WAY plaque beneath it

    You and two other cars arrive at this sign at the same time. Who should go first?

    The vehicle furthest to the right At a 4-way stop, cars leave in the order they arrived. When more than one arrives at the same time, the manual says the vehicle furthest to the right goes first. It also says to wait a few seconds even on your turn, because many people don't follow the rule.

  3. Two-way road with a solid yellow line on the right-hand lane side and a broken yellow line beside it; no passing from the right-hand lane

    You are driving on a two-lane road and see these lines. The solid yellow line is on your side. What does that mean?

    You may not cross the center line to pass Where passing isn't allowed, a solid yellow line is painted next to the broken one. The Alabama Driver Manual says that if the solid yellow line is on your side of the center line, you may not pass.

  4. Traffic signal with the red light lit and flash marks around it

    What should you do when you reach this signal?

    Come to a full stop, then go when it's safe, as at a STOP sign The manual lists a flashing red signal among the places you must come to a complete stop, and says it means the same as a STOP sign. After stopping, you go when the way is clear.

  5. Orange diamond with a black flagger symbol holding a flag

    What does the orange color of this sign tell you?

    You are near a construction or work area The Alabama Driver Manual says warning signs are black and yellow, except those used in construction areas, which are black and orange. This one warns that a flagger is directing traffic ahead.

  6. Downward-pointing red triangle with white center and the word YIELD in red

    What does this sign mean?

    Slow down, and stop if you need to, so pedestrians and vehicles on the other road can go first A yield sign means slow down so you can give the right of way to pedestrians crossing and to vehicles on the road you're entering. The manual says to stop if needed to let them go.

  7. You're 15 and have just passed your knowledge test. Who may sit beside you while you drive?

    A parent, legal guardian or licensed driver 21 or older, or a licensed or certified driving instructor At 15, a learner license has a Y restriction. ALEA's GDL rules say you may drive only with a parent, legal guardian or licensed driver 21 or older in the front seat, or with a licensed or certified driving instructor.

  8. You're 16 with a Stage II restricted license. During which hours may you not drive, unless an exception applies?

    From midnight to 6 a.m. ALEA's GDL rules say a Stage II driver may not drive between midnight and 6 a.m. Exceptions include driving with a parent or guardian, with a licensed driver 21 or older who has parental consent, to or from work, school or religious events, and emergencies.

  9. With a Stage II license, how many passengers may you carry who aren't your parents, guardians or family?

    One ALEA's GDL page says a Stage II driver may have no more than one passenger other than parents, legal guardians or family members. The manual notes the limit was cut from four in 2010.

  10. A school bus has stopped on a two-lane road with its red lights flashing and stop arm out. What must you do?

    Stop at least 20 feet from the bus and stay stopped until the arm folds and the lights go off The manual says that coming from either direction you must stop, at least 20 feet from the bus. Stay stopped until the stop signal is pulled back and the red lights are turned off.

  11. An ambulance with flashing lights and a siren is coming up behind you. What should you do?

    Pull over to the side of the road and stop until it passes, clearing any intersection first The Alabama Driver Manual says to yield to emergency vehicles using a flashing red or blue light and a siren. Pull to the side of the road and stop. If you're in an intersection, clear it before stopping, and don't move until the vehicle has passed.

  12. On a four-lane highway, you come up on a police car stopped on the shoulder with its lights flashing. What does Alabama's move over law ask you to do?

    Leave the lane next to it, or if you can't do that safely, slow to at least 15 mph under the limit On roads with four or more lanes, the manual says you must move out of the lane closest to a stopped emergency vehicle or a wrecker with flashing amber lights. When changing lanes is unsafe or not possible, slow to at least 15 mph below the posted limit.

  13. Unless a sign says otherwise, what is the speed limit in an urban district in Alabama?

    30 mph The manual's statutory speed limits are 30 mph in an urban district, 35 mph on an unpaved road, 45 mph on a county paved road unless posted, and 55 mph in other places. Posted signs can set other limits.

  14. You're driving at night with your high beams on, behind another car. How close can you get before you must dim them?

    200 feet The Alabama Driver Manual says you must dim your headlights within 500 feet of an oncoming vehicle and within 200 feet when you're following another vehicle.

  15. It's raining hard. How much following distance does the manual suggest?

    A four or five second count The manual teaches the two-second rule. When road and weather conditions aren't good, it says to increase your following distance to a four or five second count. The same goes when you drive a vehicle longer than a car.

  16. In Alabama, a driver under 21 is breaking the law with a blood alcohol content of:

    .02% or more The manual lists .08% for drivers in general, .04% for commercial drivers, and .02% for drivers under 21 and for school bus and daycare drivers.

  17. What is the penalty for a first offense of texting while driving in Alabama?

    A $25 fine and 2 points on your record The manual says the fine for texting while driving is $25 for a first offense, $50 for a second and $75 for a third or later. Each offense also puts two points on your driving record.

  18. Under Alabama's child restraint law, until what age must a child ride in a booster seat?

    6 The manual's list is: rear-facing until at least 1 year or 20 pounds, a forward-facing seat until at least 5 years or 40 pounds, a booster seat until 6, and a seat belt until 15.

  19. How far before a turn should you start signaling?

    At least 100 feet The manual says to signal at least 100 feet before the turn and keep signaling until you're ready to turn. The ALEA road test study guide uses the same 100 feet for turns at intersections.

  20. How close to a fire hydrant may you park?

    No closer than 15 feet The Alabama Driver Manual says you may not park within 15 feet of a fire hydrant. It also bans parking within 20 feet of a crosswalk at an uncontrolled intersection, 30 feet of a stop sign or signal, and 50 feet of a railroad crossing.